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Highly textured surface of modiolar wall seen in profile.

A: The black arrow indicates a vein on the floor of scala tympani as seen by SEM. A small vessel crossing the perilymphatic space is indicated by the white arrow. B: Higher power view of the area indicated by the black arrow in “A”. Here there is a crack in the tissue revealing RBC’s inside the ve…

Cross sections of the modiolus region showing veins coursing near the surface of the modiolar wall. In “A” the vein indicated by the arrow has a very thin covering of bone. In an adjacent section, shown in “B” , a similar vein (arrow) appears entirely exposed to the perilymphatic space. (In this c…

Cross section of the posterior spiral vein (arrow) in the basal turn. In this location the vein has virtually no bony covering. ST, scala tympani; MD modiolus.

Higher power view of osseous lamina and basilar membrane/organ of Corti in a preparation from an elderly individual in which there has been mild thinning of the myelinated nerve fibers within the osseous lamina. The spirally oriented nerve fibers in the osseous lamina are nicely displayed in this …

Overview of veins in scala tympani. In this dissection, the osseous lamina and basilar membrane have been removed to provide a direct view into scala tympani (ST). The apical portion of the cochlea is shown in “A”. “B” shows the middle and upper basal turns. The arrows in “A” indicate the attachme…

Apical cochlear turn showing a Med-El electrode array inserted to near the apical tip of the basilar membrane (white arrow). The black arrow indicates the apical-most electrode contact which is situated beneath the semi-transparent basilar membrane. From Wright CG, Roland PS. Temporal bone m…

Lower basal cochlear turn showing the common modiolar vein as it enters the cochlear aqueduct (arrow). The white arrow indicates the vestibulocochlear vein which joins the common modiolar vein. ST, floor of scala tympani.

This is a temporal bone which had an implant electrode inserted at the time that the bone was fresh and unfixed. After fixation, osmium staining, and dissection the electrode was removed from scala tympani. “A” shows the apical turn in an area that the electrode did not reach. The arrows indicate …

Higher power SEM view of modiolar wall.