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Overview of Gastrointestinal Function George N. DeMartino, Ph.D. Department of Physiology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, TX 75390 The gastrointestinal system Functions of the gastrointestinal system • Digestion • Absorption • Secretion • Motility • Immune surveillance and tolerance GI-OP-13 Histology of the GI tract Blood or Serosal Side Lumenal or Mucosal Side Structure of a villus Villus Lamina propria X X X X X Lumen

Molecular Mechanisms of Circadian Clocks Circadian Rhythms • Endogenous rhythm which persists under constant conditions • Period of approximately 24 hours • Entrainable (reset) by environmental cues such as light and temperature • Temperature compensated - period stays about the same at different temperatures Circadian rhythm of locomoter activity Body temperature cycle Circadian rhythm of melatonin secretion Circadian rhythms of photosynthetic genes in plants

DR. WOODRING E. WRIGHT BIOLOGY OF AGING Learning objectives: At the completion of the lecture, you should be able to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Define antagonistic pleiotropy Give the rationale for why the “disposable soma” theory of aging can be treated as an example of antagonistic pleiotropy Name four premature aging syndromes, two of which are known to affect DNA repair enzymes Describe why patients with diabetes are thought to show accelerated aging of

Microarrays Ralph V. Shohet, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, UTSWMC Outline 1. Types of microarrays 2. How to make one 3. How to use one Historical perspective 1. Watson-Crick basepairing 2. Southern & Northern analysis 3. Genome project Types of microarrays 1. Synthesized in situ 2. Spotted Types of microarrays 1. Synthesized in situ Short oliogonucleotides (25mers) masked and DOC particularly useful for interrogating small regions of a gene for sequence

STEM CELL CLUB October 18, 2001 12:00 Noon Y6.228 Conference Room STEM CELLS, NK CELLS, and FRIEND VIRUS LEUKEMIA Michael Bennett, Department of Pathology Stem Cells: Gustavo Cudkowicz, Don Metcalf, Roger Foster, and Vinay Kumar Friend Virus: Gustavo Cudkowicz, Richard Steeves, Bob Eckner, Ed Mirand, and Vinay Kumar NK Cells: Vinay Kumar, Dorothy Yuan, Wayne Lai, PA Mathew, and John Schatzle, (faculty) Differentiation: Edwardo Luevano, John Hackett, Michelle Tutt, Tom Moore, Igor

Osmosis and Osmoregulation Robert Alpern, M.D. Southwestern Medical School Water Transport Across Semipermeable Membranes • In a dilute solution, Jv = Lp (∆P - RΤ∆CS ) • Jv - volume or water flux • Lp - hydraulic conductivity or permeability • ∆P - hydrostatic pressure gradient • R - gas constant • T - absolute temperature (Kelvin) • ∆Cs - solute concentration gradient Osmotic Pressure • If Jv = 0, then ∆P = RT∆Cs van’t Hoff equation ∆Π

Biotechnology in the Post- Genomic Age STARS Inservice on Biotechnology February 4, 2006 Joel M. Goodman, Ph.D. Supporting Cast  STARS support  Ms. Jeannie Han  Ms. Traydell Beard  Goodman lab support  Dr. Derk Binns  Ms. Kimberly Szymanski Activity 1: PCR  We’ll start this now, talk more later  You will be amplifying a yeast gene (one of five different genes) using the polymerase chain reaction.  6 groups, 4 teachers to a group  By the end of the day, you will identify

• Scan in photos of orcas feeding on great whales • Know there are lots of orcas in the north Pacific A Life without Oxygen: The Physiology of Marine Mammals <Picture> COMPETITION FOR RESOURCES How marine mammals do what they do! Dive Response • Stop Breathing • ↓ Cardiac Output • ↓ Peripheral Blood Flow • Lungs Collapse below 60m • But Maintain Aerobic Metabolism Adaptations to Maintain Aerobic Metabolism under Hypoxic

Cardiovascular Alterations Team Basic Science Clinical Science Mature Countermeasure Space Radiation Human Health and Countermeasures Cardiovascular Alterations Team Radiation, Endothelial Cell Senescence, Accelerated Aging, and Atherosclerosis PI. Art Shoukas, Ph.D. Johns Hopkins University Effect of high energy particle irradiation on adhesiveness of vascular endothelium and its consequences for atherosclerosis PI: Dennis Kucik, M.D. The University of Alabama at