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Fundamentals of Investigating Epidemics Robert W. Haley, M.D. Professor of Internal Medicine Chief, Epidemiology Division University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, Texas Epidemic Curve of a Typical Common Source Outbreak: 1976 Outbreak of Fatal Pneumonia in Attendees at a Conference of American Legionnaires Steps in the Investigation of an Epidemic 1. Prepare for field work. 2. Establish the existence of an outbreak 3. Verify the diagnosis 4. Define and identify cases 5

Osmosis and Osmoregulation Robert Alpern, M.D. Southwestern Medical School Water Transport Across Semipermeable Membranes • In a dilute solution, Jv = Lp (∆P - RΤ∆CS ) • Jv - volume or water flux • Lp - hydraulic conductivity or permeability • ∆P - hydrostatic pressure gradient • R - gas constant • T - absolute temperature (Kelvin) • ∆Cs - solute concentration gradient Osmotic Pressure • If Jv = 0, then ∆P = RT∆Cs van’t Hoff equation ∆Π

• Scan in photos of orcas feeding on great whales • Know there are lots of orcas in the north Pacific A Life without Oxygen: The Physiology of Marine Mammals <Picture> COMPETITION FOR RESOURCES How marine mammals do what they do! Dive Response • Stop Breathing • ↓ Cardiac Output • ↓ Peripheral Blood Flow • Lungs Collapse below 60m • But Maintain Aerobic Metabolism Adaptations to Maintain Aerobic Metabolism under Hypoxic

The Science & Epidemiology of Adolescent Poisonings Greene Shepherd, PharmD., DABATGreene Shepherd, PharmD., DABAT Managing Director & Clinical Assistant ProfessorManaging Director & Clinical Assistant Professor North Texas Poison Center & North Texas Poison Center & UTSW Division of Emergency MedicineUTSW Division of Emergency Medicine What Makes a Poison? •• The odor?The odor? •• The taste?The taste? •• The color?The color? •• The substance?The substance? –– Arsenic Arsenic vsvs

Protein Structure Determination An Introduction Chad A. Brautigam, Ph.D. Structural Biology Laboratory UTSW Medical Center at Dallas What is “Protein Structure?” …Arg-Lys-Ala-Gln-Trp-Cys-His-Ala-Asp… What is “Protein Structure?” • It is the description of the three- dimensional architecture of a polypeptide. • Our aim: to know accurately and precisely the position of every atom in a protein. That’s usually between 2000 and 10,000 atoms! Wherefore Art Thou, Protein

STEM CELL CLUB October 18, 2001 12:00 Noon Y6.228 Conference Room STEM CELLS, NK CELLS, and FRIEND VIRUS LEUKEMIA Michael Bennett, Department of Pathology Stem Cells: Gustavo Cudkowicz, Don Metcalf, Roger Foster, and Vinay Kumar Friend Virus: Gustavo Cudkowicz, Richard Steeves, Bob Eckner, Ed Mirand, and Vinay Kumar NK Cells: Vinay Kumar, Dorothy Yuan, Wayne Lai, PA Mathew, and John Schatzle, (faculty) Differentiation: Edwardo Luevano, John Hackett, Michelle Tutt, Tom Moore, Igor

Molecular Mechanisms of Circadian Clocks Circadian Rhythms • Endogenous rhythm which persists under constant conditions • Period of approximately 24 hours • Entrainable (reset) by environmental cues such as light and temperature • Temperature compensated - period stays about the same at different temperatures Circadian rhythm of locomoter activity Body temperature cycle Circadian rhythm of melatonin secretion Circadian rhythms of photosynthetic genes in plants

Microarrays Ralph V. Shohet, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, UTSWMC Outline 1. Types of microarrays 2. How to make one 3. How to use one Historical perspective 1. Watson-Crick basepairing 2. Southern & Northern analysis 3. Genome project Types of microarrays 1. Synthesized in situ 2. Spotted Types of microarrays 1. Synthesized in situ Short oliogonucleotides (25mers) masked and DOC particularly useful for interrogating small regions of a gene for sequence

WEIGHT REGULATION AND THE ROLE OF LEPTIN J. Denis McGarry, Ph.D. A portion of this outline has been taken, with permission, from a Medical Grand Rounds lecture on the genetics of obesity given by Rody Cox, M.D. at U.T. Southwestern, March 7, 1996. Obesity has become a world-wide epidemic, particularly in developed countries. It is associated with a number of serious morbidities, including Type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis and hypertension. The current cost of obesity/Type 2 diabetes syndromes