Aortic Vessel Wall Imaging Using 3D Phase Sensitive Inversion Recovery in Children and Young Adults Animesh Tandon, MD, MS1,2, Tarique Hussain, MD, PhD1,2, Andrew Tran, MD, MS3, René M Botnar, PhD4, Gerald F Greil, MD, PhD1,2, and Markus Henningsson, PhD4 1Pediatrics, Radiology, BME, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA 2Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA 3Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas

Mitral Valve Phase Contrast Imaging Is a More Reproducible Method of Determining Cardiac Rest Periods for Whole-Heart Coronary Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Congenital Heart Disease than 4 Chamber Cine. Maria Batsis, MD; F. Gerald Greil, MD, PhD; Animesh Tandon, MD, MS; Tarique Hussain, MD, PhD University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Children’s Medical Center of Dallas Background Whole heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA) offers detailed

Oxidation of Unsaturated Systems 2 general reactivity patterns: X H X Yn+2 X+ Yn ++ OH simple example O A- Me2SCl+ S+ O + S + Cl- 2 electron oxidation 1 electron oxidation Xor -1 e- or X we will focus on oxidation of aromatic rings and enol/enolate systems Couple Eo Fe(III) + e- Fe(II) 0.77 V(V) + e- V(IV) 1.00 Tl(III) + 2 e- Th(I) 1.25 Pb(IV) + 2 e- Pb(II) 1.6-1.7 Mn(III) + e- 1.56Mn(II) Ce(IV) + e- Ce(III) 1.6 Reduction potentials of oxidants we will look at (bigger number

1 Ready; Catalysis Organometallics: Definitions Organometallics: Hard to define usefully and completely at the same time, but generally: Compounds containing metal-carbon bond(s). Fe Cl Ti Cl Cl ClFe NC NC CN CN CN CN K3 No question: Organometallic No question: Inorganic ???? Catalysis further complicates the issue: CH3 Br CH3 (HO)2B H3C + Me2N PCy2 PdL L H3C CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 2% Pd(OAc)2 3% L CsF, rt L = Buchwald, JACS, 1998, 9722

CANCER RESEARCH | MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY HIF2-Induced Long Noncoding RNA RAB11B-AS1 Promotes Hypoxia-Mediated Angiogenesis and Breast Cancer Metastasis Yanling Niu1, Lei Bao1, Yan Chen1, ChenliangWang1, Maowu Luo1, Bo Zhang1, Mi Zhou1, Jennifer E. Wang1, Yisheng V. Fang1, Ashwani Kumar2, Chao Xing2,3,4, Yingfei Wang1,5, and Weibo Luo1,6 ABSTRACT ◥ Hypoxia induces a vast array of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) in breast cancer cells, but their biological functions remain largely unknown. Here

Reductions General Resource: Trost, Comp. Org. Syn. 1991, vol 8 March,1992, chap 19 Carey and Sundberg, vol B, Chap 5 Smith, Organic Synthesis, Chap 4 Material organized (roughly) by transformation From March, 1992, p1208 H H Two general classes: Transition metal hydrogenation and dissolving metal reduction Hydrogenation: Covered in much more detail in Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis. H HM H2 General trends: more substituted = slower relationship of pressure:rate often not simple

Ready; Catalysis Conjugate Addition Topics covered 1. 1,4 addition involving copper a. stoichiometric reactions b. catalytic reactions c. allylic substitution 2. Conjugate addition without copper a. Ni-based systems b. Rh-based systems 3. Catalytic addition of heteroatoms Topics not covered: enolate conjugate additions, Friedel-Crafts-type conjugate additions Ready; Catalysis Conjugate Addition: origin 1,4 addition reactions involving

Substrate pKa's. Numbers are approximations for outside the range -2 - 16, but useful to know. For an extensive list, see http://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/reich/pkatable/ Inorganics H2O DMSO CF3SO3H -14 HCl -8 H3O+ -2 H2O 16 NH4Cl 9 Organic X-H AcOH 5 12 O+ CH3Ph H -6 Me2OH+ -4 CH3SO3H -3 2 NH+ 5 3 N H O H 15 26 MeOH 16 28 17 29 NH3 36 38 41 EWG-CH NO2-CH3 10 17 O O 9 13 O EtO O 11 14 O EtO OEt O 13 16 O 20 27 O t-BuO 25 30 O Me2N 35 O S 3533PhOH 10 18

Ready; Catalysis Nonlinear Effects Outline Definitions Origins of nonlinear effects in enantioselective reactions ML2 model Reservoir model Transition-state model Kinetic aspects of nonlinear effects Asymmetric amplification Cool tricks Origin of biotic asymmetry? Key reviews Kagan, ACIEE, 1998, 2922 (a pretty complete review, source of many of my figures) Kagan, Advanced Syn. Cat., 2001, 227 (an overview) Blackmond, Accts, 2000, 402 (kinetic aspects) Soai

1 Ready; Catalysis Kinetics-1 There are only two important things in chemistry, kinetics and thermodynamics. And, exp(-ΔG/RT) = k1/k-1, so there’s really only one thing. Kinetics provides information about the transition state of a reaction. We’ll use a simple example to learn the basic tools, then look at more applications to catalysis. Crude Data [EtI] = [NaCN] 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 0 2 4 6 8 10 Time Co nc en tra tio n [EtI] [EtCN] 1st step