Lee, WM, Liver: Determining prognosis in acute liver failure, Nature, 2012.

Stravitz RT, Lefkowitch JH, Fontana RJ, Gershwin ME, Leung PS, Sterling RK, Manns MP, Norman GL, Lee WM; and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Autoimmune Acute Liver Failure: Proposed Clinical and Histological Criteria, Hepatology 2010; 53: 517-526.

Ajmera V,  Xia G, Vaughan G, Forbi  J, Ganova-Raeva  LM, Khudyakov Y,  Opio CK, Taylor R, Restrepo R, Munoz S, Fontana RJ, Lee WM and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. What Factors Determine the Severity of Hepatitis A Related Acute Liver Failure? Journal of Viral Hepatitis 2010 [Epub ahead of print].

Khandelwal N, James LP, Sanders C, Larson AM, Lee WM, and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Unrecognized Acetaminophen Toxicity as a Cause of ‘Indeterminate’ Acute Liver Failure.  Hepatology 2010; 53: 567-576.

Strnad P, Zhou Q, Hanada S, Lazzeroni LC, Zhong BH, So P, Davern TJ, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group, Omary MB. Keratin variants predispose to acute liver failure and adverse outcome: race and ethnic associations. Gastroenterology 2010; 139:828-35.

Reuben A, Koch DG, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Drug-induced acute liver failure: results of a U.S. multicenter, prospective study. Hepatology 2010; 52:2065-76.

Gregory, Blake, Larson, AM, Reisch, J, Lee, WM and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Acetaminophen dose does not predict outcome in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure.  Journal of Investigative Medicine. 2010

Li J, Zhu X, Liu F, Cai P, Sanders C, Lee WM, Uetrecht J. Cytokine and autoantibody patterns in acute liver failure. J Immunotoxicol. 2009 [Epub ahead of print]

James LP, Letzig L, Simpson PM, Capparelli E, Roberts DW, Hinson JA, Davern TJ, Lee WM. Pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen-protein adducts in adults with acetaminophen overdose and acute liver failure. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Aug;37(8):1779-84.

Schiødt FV, Chung RT, Schilsky ML, Hay JE, Christensen E, Lee WM and the ALFSG. Acute liver failure in the elderly. Liver Transplant 2009; 15:1481-1487.

Forde KA, Reddy KR, Troxel AB, Sanders CM, Lee WM. Racial and ethnic differences in presentation, etiology and outcomes of acute liver failure in the United States. Clin Gastroenterol and Hepatol 2009; 7:1121-1126.

Lee WM, Hynan LS, Rossaro L, Fontana RJ, Stravitz RT, Larson AM, Davern TL III, Murray NG, McCashland T, Reisch J, Robuck PR and the ALFSG. Intravenous N-acetylcysteine improves transplant-free survival in early stage non-acetaminophen acute liver failure. Gastroenterology 2009; 137:856-864.

Cote, GA, Gottstein, JH, Daud, A, Lee, WM, Blei, AT and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. The Role of Etiology in the Hyperamylasemia of Acute Liver Failure. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2009; 104:592-597.

Levitsky J, Thadareddy A, Lakeman FD, Whitley RJ, Luby JP, Lee WM, Fontana RJ, Blei AT, Ison MG. Detection and diagnosis of herpes virus infection in adults with acute liver failure. Liver Transplant 2008; 14:1498-1504

Korman JD, Volenberg I, Balko J, Webster J, Schiodt FV, Lee WM, Schilsky ML and the Pediatric and Adult ALF Study Groups. Screening for Wilson disease in acute liver failure: A comparison of currently available diagnostic tests. Hepatology 2008;48: 1167-74.

Polson J, Wians FH, Jr., Orsulak P, et al: False positive acetaminophen concentrations in patients with liver injury. Clin Chim Acta 2008; 391:24-30.

Lee WM, Squires RH, Jr., Nyberg SL, et al: Acute liver failure: Summary of a workshop. Hepatology 2008; 47:1401-1415.

Stravitz RT, Kramer AH, Davern T, et al: Intensive care of patients with acute liver failure: Recommendations of the U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:2498-2508.

Schiodt FV, Bangert K, Shakil AO, et al: Predictive value of actin-free Gc-globulin in acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 2007; 13:1324-1329.

Rutherford AE, Hynan LS, Borges CB, et al: Serum apoptosis markers in acute liver failure: a pilot study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 5:1477-1483.

Parekh NK, Hynan LS, De Lemos J, et al: Elevated troponin I levels in acute liver failure: is myocardial injury an integral part of acute liver failure? Hepatology 2007; 45:1489-1495.

Moller HJ, Gronbaek H, Schiodt FV, et al: Soluble CD163 from activated macrophages predicts mortality in acute liver failure. J Hepatol 2007; 47:671-676.

Leung PS, Rossaro L, Davis PA, et al: Antimitochondrial antibodies in acute liver failure: implications for primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 2007; 46:1436-1442.

Taylor RM, Davern T, Munoz S, et al: Fulminant hepatitis A virus infection in the United States: Incidence, prognosis, and outcomes. Hepatology 2006; 44:1589-1597.

Schiodt FV, Ostapowicz G, Murray N, et al: Alpha-fetoprotein and prognosis in acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 2006; 12:1776-1781.

Rutherford A, Davern T, Hay JE, et al: Influence of high body mass index on outcome in acute liver failure. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 4:1544-1549.

Lee WM, Brown KE, Young NS, et al: Brief report: no evidence for parvovirus B19 or hepatitis E virus as a cause of acute liver failure. Dig Dis Sci 2006; 51:1712-1715.

James LP, Alonso EM, Hynan LS, et al: Detection of acetaminophen protein adducts in children with acute liver failure of indeterminate cause. Pediatrics 2006; 118:e676-681.

Davern TJ, 2nd, James LP, Hinson JA, et al: Measurement of serum acetaminophen-protein adducts in patients with acute liver failure. Gastroenterology 2006; 130:687-694.

Wai CT, Fontana RJ, Polson J, et al: Clinical outcome and virological characteristics of hepatitis B-related acute liver failure in the United States. J Viral Hepat 2005; 12:192-198.

Schiodt FV, Rossaro L, Stravitz RT, et al: Gc-globulin and prognosis in acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 2005; 11:1223-1227.

Larson AM, Polson J, Fontana RJ, et al: Acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: results of a United States multicenter, prospective study. Hepatology 2005; 42:1364-1372.

Fontana RJ, Shakil AO, Greenson JK, et al: Acute liver failure due to amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate. Dig Dis Sci 2005; 50:1785-1790.

Lee WM: Acetaminophen and the U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group: lowering the risks of hepatic failure. Hepatology 2004; 40:6-9.

Vaquero J, Polson J, Chung C, et al: Infection and the progression of hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure. Gastroenterology 2003; 125:755-764.

Vaquero J, Jordano Q, Lee WM, et al: Serum protein S-100b in acute liver failure: Results of the US Acute Liver Failure Study group. Liver Transpl 2003; 9:887-888.

Umemura T, Tanaka E, Ostapowicz G, et al: Investigation of SEN virus infection in patients with cryptogenic acute liver failure, hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia, or acute and chronic non-A-E hepatitis. J Infect Dis 2003; 188:1545-1552.

Schiodt FV, Davern TJ, Shakil AO, et al: Viral hepatitis-related acute liver failure. Am J Gastroenterol 2003; 98:448-453.

Schiodt FV, Balko J, Schilsky M, et al: Thrombopoietin in acute liver failure. Hepatology 2003; 37:558-561.

Ostapowicz G, Fontana RJ, Schiodt FV, et al: Results of a prospective study of acute liver failure at 17 tertiary care centers in the United States. Ann Intern Med 2002; 137:947-954.

Teo EK, Ostapowicz G, Hussain M, et al: Hepatitis B infection in patients with acute liver failure in the United States. Hepatology 2001; 33:972-976.

Murphy EJ, Davern TJ, Shakil AO, et al: Troglitazone-induced fulminant hepatic failure. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Dig Dis Sci 2000; 45:549-553.

Fontana RJ, McCashland TM, Benner KG, et al: Acute liver failure associated with prolonged use of bromfenac leading to liver transplantation. The Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Liver Transpl Surg 1999; 5:480-484.

Schiodt FV, Atillasoy E, Shakil AO, et al: Etiology and outcome for 295 patients with acute liver failure in the United States. Liver Transpl Surg 1999; 5:29-34.

Related Publications

Getachew Y, James L, Lee WM, Thiele DL, Miller BC. Susceptibility to acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity unexpectedly is decreased during acute viral hepatitis in mice. Biochem Pharmacol (2009), doi: 10.1016/
j.bcp.2009.12.019. 

Suzuki A, Yuen N,  Walsh J, Papay J, Hunt CM, Diehl AM. Co-medications that modulate liver injury and repair influence clinical outcome of acetaminophen-associated liver injury. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2009; 7:882-888.

Stravitz, RT, Lee, WM, AH, et al:  Therapeutic Hypothermia for Acute Liver Failure: Toward a Randomized, Controlled Trial in Patients with Advanced Hepatic Encephalopathy. Neurocrit. Care 2008; 9:90-6.

Munoz SJ, Reddy KR, Lee WM and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. The coagulopathy of acute liver failure and implications for intracranial pressure monitoring. Neurocrit Care 2008;9:103-107.

Lee WM, Wijdicks E. Acute liver failure and cerebral edema: When the hepatologist meets the neurointensivist. Neurocrit Care 2008;9:85-86.

Lee WM. Acetaminophen-related acute liver failure in the United States. Hepatology Res 2008, 38 (Suppl. 1): S3–S8.

Polson J, Lee WM. Editorial: Etiologies of acute liver failure: location, location, location! Liver Transplant 2007;13:1364-5.

Lee WM. Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity: Changing perceptions of a social/medical issue. Hepatology, 2007;46:966-70.

Polson J, Lee WM. AASLD Position Paper: The management of acute liver failure. Hepatology, 2004; 41:1179-1197.

Polson J, Lee WM. Analyzing liver transplantation for fulminant hepatic failure at UCLA. Commentary in Liver Transplantation Worldwide. Liver Transplantation 2004;10:953-4.

Lee WM. Acute liver failure in the United States. Semin Liv Dis 2003, 23:217-26.

Schiødt FV, Lee WM. Liver transplantation for acute liver failure: better safe than sorry. Liver Transplant 2002;8:1063-4.

Ostapowicz G, Lee WM. Acute Liver Failure: the Western experience. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000;15:480-88.